Fiber Optics yog dab tsi?
Fiber optics hais txog kev siv tshuab thiab cov txheej txheem ntawmxa cov ntaub ntawvraws li lub teeb pulses raws iav los yog yas strand los yog fiber ntau.Fiber optic cablesyog siv rau qhov ntev thiab kev ua haujlwm siabnetworking cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv muaj peev xwm kis tau cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ntev nyob deb thiab nyob rau hauv bandwidths siab dua (cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi) tshaj li hluav taws xob cables, ua rau lawv ib tug tseem ceeb feem nyob rau hauvniaj hnub kev sib txuas lus,internet, thiabcomputer networking.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Fiber Optics
Core:Nws yog lub hauv paus raj ntawm nyias loj ua los ntawm optically pob tshab dielectric nruab nrab thiab nqa lub teeb transmitter rau receiver thiab cov tub ntxhais txoj kab uas hla yuav txawv ntawm li 5um mus rau 100 um.
Cladding:Nws yog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag sab nraud nyob ib puag ncig cov tub ntxhais uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam qhov ntsuas qis dua cov tub ntxhais thiab cladding pab kom lub teeb nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais thoob plaws qhov tshwm sim ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv.
Buffer Txheej:Nws yog txheej yas uas tiv thaiv cov fiber ntau ua los ntawm silicon roj hmab. Qhov dav dav ntawm cov fiber ntau tom qab txheej yog 250-300 um.
Hom Fiber Optics
Muaj ntau hom fiber ntau optics raws li ntau pawg raws li tau hais hauv qab no:
1. Raws li tus naj npawb ntawm hom
Ib hom fiber ntau:Hauvib hom fiber ntaur, tsuas yog ib hom kab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem nthuav tawm los ntawm fiber ntau. Hom fiber ntau no muaj lub taub me me (5um) thiab siab cladding txoj kab uas hla (70um) thiab qhov txawv ntawm qhovRefractive Indexntawm core thiab cladding yog me me heev. Tsis muaj dispersion piv txwv li tsis muaj degradation ntawm covteeb liabthaum taug kev los ntawm fiber ntau. Lub teeb yog dhau los ntawm nws los ntawm laser diode.
Fiber ntau hom: Multimode fiber ntautso cai rau ntau hom rau lub teeb rays taug kev los ntawm nws. Txoj kab uas hla yog feem ntau (40um) thiab cladding yog (70um). Tus txheeb ze refractive index sib txawv kuj tseem ntau dua ib hom fiber ntau. Muaj teeb liab degradation vim multimode dispersion. Nws tsis haum rau kev sib txuas lus nyob deb vim qhov loj dispersion thiab attenuation ntawm lub teeb liab. Muaj ob pawg raws li Multi-mode fiber ieKauj Ruam Index FiberthiabQib Index Fiber. Cov no yog pawg nyob rau hauv hom fiber ntau optical raws li Refractive Index
2. Raws li Refractive Index
Step-index optical fiber ntau:Lub refractive index ntawm cov tub ntxhais yog tas li. Lub refractive index ntawm cladding kuj tseem txuas ntxiv. Covrays ntawm lub teebpropagate los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm meridional rays uas hla lub fiber axis thaum lub sij hawm txhua qhov kev xav ntawm cov tub ntxhais-cladding ciam teb.
Qib index optical fiber ntau:Nyob rau hauv hom fiber ntau no, cov tub ntxhais muaj qhov tsis sib xws refractive Performance index uas maj mam txo los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau cov tub ntxhais-cladding interface. Lub cladding muaj ib tug uniform refractive index. Lub teeb rays propagate los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm skew rays los yog helical rays. nws tsis hla cov axis fiber ntau txhua lub sijhawm.
3. Raws li cov khoom siv
Yas Optical Fibers: Rau kev sib kis ntawm lub teeb, polymethylmethacrylate yog siv los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb
iav Fibers:Cov no yog cov iav fiber ntau zoo heev, cov tub ntxhais thiab cladding ntawm optical fiber yog ua los ntawm yas.