Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau optic yog ua tiav raws li tag nrho cov kev xav ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag hauv fiber ntau optic.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tom qab nws yog vim qhov sib txawv ntawm kev nthuav tawm nrawm ntawm lub teeb hauv cov khoom sib txawv, thaum lub teeb raug coj los ntawm ib yam khoom mus rau lwm qhov, kev cuam tshuam thiab kev xav tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm ob yam khoom. Ntxiv mus, lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub teeb refracted txawv nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov teeb meem teeb. Thaum lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov teeb meem tshwm sim los yog tshaj ib lub kaum ntse ntse, lub teeb refracted ploj mus thiab tag nrho cov teeb meem teeb pom kev rov qab, uas yog hu ua tag nrho kev xav ntawm lub teeb.
Yog li dab tsi yog cov qauv ntawm cov fibers kho qhov muag kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov kev xav ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag, thiab puas tuaj yeem pom tag nrho cov teeb liab kho qhov muag? Cia peb kawm txog cov qauv thiab hom optical fibers.
Fiber optic qauv thiab hom
Fiber optic qauv: Fiber optic liab qab fibers feem ntau muab faib ua peb txheej: lub hauv paus siab refractive index iav core (tub ntxhais txoj kab uas hla feem ntau 50 los yog 62.5 μ m), nrog ib tug tsawg refractive index silicon iav cladding nyob rau hauv nruab nrab (feem ntau muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 125 μ m) Cov txheej txheej sab nraud yog txheej txheej siv rau kev txhawb nqa.
N.A.: Lub teeb teeb meem ntawm lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm lub ntsej muag tsis tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm fiber ntau, tsuas yog qhov teeb meem teeb pom kev hauv ib lub kaum ntse ntse kis tau. Lub kaum sab xis no yog hu ua tus lej aperture ntawm optical fiber. Ib tug loj tus lej aperture ntawm optical fibers yog qhov zoo rau fiber ntau docking. Tus lej aperture ntawm optical fibers tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv sib txawv.
Hom ntawm optical fibers:
A.Raws li kev sib kis ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv optical fibers, nws muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ib hom optical fibers thiab multi-mode optical fibers.
B.Div los ntawm qhov pom kev sib kis zaus qhov rais: cov pa ib hom fiber ntau thiab dispersion hloov ib hom fiber ntau.
C.Raws li qhov kev faib tawm ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov taw qhia, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom kev hloov pauv thiab gradient hom optical fibers.
Dab tsi yog ib hom fiber ntau thiab ntau hom fiber ntau?
Ntau-hom fiber ntau:Qhov nruab nrab iav tub ntxhais yog tuab (50 lossis 62.5) μ m) Nws tuaj yeem xa tawm ntau hom teeb. Tab sis nws intermodal dispersion yog qhov loj, uas txwv qhov zaus ntawm kev xa cov cim digital thiab ua rau hnyav dua nrog kev nce ntxiv. Piv txwv li, 600MB / KM fiber ntau tsuas muaj bandwidth ntawm 300MB ntawm 2KM. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev ncua deb rau ntau hom fiber ntau optic kis tau tus mob yog ze, feem ntau tsuas yog ob peb kilometers.
Ib leeg-Hom fiber ntau optical:Lub hauv paus iav core yog nyias nyias (txoj kab uas hla feem ntau yog 9 lossis 10) μ m) Tsuas yog ib hom ntawm lub teeb tuaj yeem kis tau. Yog li ntawd, nws intermodal dispersion yog me me thiab haum rau kev sib txuas lus nyob deb, tab sis nws chromatic dispersion plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, ib hom fibers muaj cov kev xav tau siab rau qhov dav dav thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub teeb ci, uas yog, qhov dav spectral yuav tsum nqaim thiab kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum zoo.
Dab tsi yog cov pa ib hom fibers thiab dispersion hloov ib hom fibers?
Hom Kev Cai:Fiber optic manufacturers optimize cov kis zaus ntawm optical fibers ntawm ib tug wavelength ntawm lub teeb, xws li 1300nm.
Dispersion displacement hom:Fiber optic manufacturers optimize qhov kis zaus ntawm optical fibers rau ob wavelengths ntawm lub teeb, xws li 1300nm thiab 1550nm.
Dab tsi yog mutation hom thiab gradient hom optical fibers?
Mutant hom:Lub refractive Performance index los ntawm lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub optical fiber mus rau lub iav cladding yog sai sai. Nws muaj tus nqi qis thiab siab inter hom dispersion. Haum rau kev sib txuas lus luv luv luv luv, xws li kev tswj hwm kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov me me intermodal dispersion, ib hom fibers txhua tus txais yuav hom kev hloov pauv.
Gradient hom fiber ntau:Lub refractive index ntawm lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov fiber ntau mus rau lub iav cladding maj mam txo, cia siab hom teeb mus propagate nyob rau hauv ib tug sinusoidal yam, txo intermode dispersion, nce fiber ntau bandwidth, thiab nce kis nrug. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi kuj tseem siab. Niaj hnub no, multimode fibers yog feem ntau gradient hom fibers.
Yog li, vim li cas peb thiaj xaiv fiber optic kis tau tus mob es tsis txhob siv cable kis tau tus mob? Cia peb tham txog qhov zoo ntawm fiber ntau optic:
- Lub passband ntawm optical fibers yog dav heev. Raws li txoj cai, nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 3 billion megahertz.
- Cov seem uas tsis yog relay yog ob peb kaum mus rau ntau tshaj 100 kilometers ntev, thiab cov hlau tooj liab tsuas yog ob peb puas meters ntev.
- Tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm electromagnetic teb thiab hluav taws xob.
- Lub teeb thiab me me hauv qhov loj me. Piv txwv li, 900 khub ntawm twisted khub cables nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 3 ntiv tes thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 8 tons / KM tuaj yeem txuas rau 21000 kab. Thiab lub optical cable nrog kev sib txuas lus ntim kaum zaug uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.5 ntiv tes thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 450P / KM.
- Fiber optic kev sib txuas lus tsis yog hluav taws xob thiab tuaj yeem siv nyab xeeb hauv qhov chaw tawg thiab tawg.
- Ntau yam ntawm ambient kub rau siv.
- Tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion thiab ua haujlwm ntev.