Kab lus no muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm OPGW kev tsim kho los ntawm peb qhov kev pom tseem ceeb: OPGW kev tsim kho, OPGW stringing thiab installation txheej txheem, thiab OPGW substation (chaw nres tsheb -sab) txheej txheem kev tsim kho. Peb pib los ntawm kev kos duab thiab cov phiaj xwm kev tsim kho, cov khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej, tom qab ntawd txav mus rau txoj hlua khi thiab sag tswj, thiab thaum kawg npog substation poob - nqes, sib koom lub thawv installation, ODF kev sib txuas thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas. Cov kab lus tseem ceeb muab tag nrho cov laj thawj thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tswj hwm, thaum cov txheej txheem ntxaws ntxaws yuav raug nthuav tawm hauv cov kab lus sib cais -, pab cov neeg nyeem tsim kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo los ntawm lub tswv yim mus rau kev ua haujlwm.
OPGW yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas txoj kev tsim kho tseem ceeb?
Basic opgw lub ntsiab lus thiab Daim Ntawv Thov Scenario ntawm OPGW
Opgw fiber ntau lub ntsiab lus yog dab tsi? OPGW (Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire) yog ib hom nyiaj siv ua haujlwm hauv av uas sib txuas ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag hauv ib lub xov tooj hlau. Nws feem ntau yog ntsia rau saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob thiab, zoo li cov ntaub thaiv npog ib txwm muaj, muab kev tiv thaiv xob laim thiab txoj hauv kev luv luv -circuit tam sim no, thaum tib lub sijhawm muab siab - muaj peev xwm kho qhov muag kev sib txuas lus. Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, nws yog"ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm xob laim thiab kev sib txuas lus". Hauv cov haujlwm ua tau zoo, OPGW feem ntau yog siv rau110 kV thiab siab duatshiab- tsim lossis rov kho cov kab sib txuas kom nqa cov kev sib txuas lus, kev tiv thaiv kab, cov ntaub ntawv tswj kev tsim khoom, kev soj ntsuam video thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam kev sib txuas lus hluav taws xob, tsim cov pob txha ntawm daim phiaj kho qhov muag thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm OPGW txhais thiab cov ntawv thov raug xwm txheej
| Dimension | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| OPGW yog dab tsi | Iboptical fiber composite overhead hauv av hlaunrog fibers integrated nyob rau hauv metallic strands |
| Installation txoj hauj lwm | Nruab rau saum cov kab sib txuas, hloov lossis ntxiv rau cov ntaub thaiv npog ib txwm muaj |
| Hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi | Kev tiv thaiv xob laim thiab txoj hauv kev rau xob laim tam sim no thiab luv luv -circuit tam sim no |
| Kev sib txuas lus muaj nuj nqi | Muab siab -muaj peev xwm kho qhov muag fiber ntau channel rau ntau- kev pabcuam xa mus |
| Hom voltage theem | 110 kV thiab siab dua cov kab sib txuas (tshiab lossis hloov kho) |
| Tej kev siv | Dispatch kev sib txuas lus, kev tiv thaiv raws, ntau lawm / SCADA cov ntaub ntawv, video soj ntsuam, thiab lwm yam. |
| Lub luag haujlwm hauv daim phiaj fais fab | Qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov kab hluav taws xob kho qhov muag thiab cov chaw sib txuas sib txuas |
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm OPGW nyob rau hauv daim phiaj fais fab: Kev Tiv Thaiv xob laim + Kev sib txuas lus
Nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim system, OPGW yog thawj atsim nyog overhead ground wire: ntsia saum cov theem conductors, nws cuam tshuam xob laim tawm tsam thiab ua rau xob laim thiab txhaum tam sim no yam xyuam xim rau hauv av, tiv thaiv cov conductors thiab cov khoom siv hauv qab no. Tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj yog ib qho"invisible optical txoj kev loj": cov tsim-hauv ib qho- hom fibers muab siab-bandwidth, qis-latency, tiv thaiv- cuam tshuam kev sib kis nruab nrab rau kev tiv thaiv kab ke, automation, xa cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm - chaw nres tsheb. Los ntawm kev txhim kho OPGW raws cov pob txha kis tau tus mob thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb tseem ceeb, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag txhim khu kev qha thiab cov pob txha caj qaum, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, digitalization thiab kev ua haujlwm ntse.
Table 2: Ob lub luag haujlwm ntawm OPGW hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob
| Lub luag hauj lwm dimension | Hluav taws xob sab (shield wire) | Kev sib txuas lus sab (optical channel) |
|---|---|---|
| Txoj hauj lwm | Nruab saum toj no theem conductors, nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm kis kab mob | Optical fiber units nyob rau hauv tib yamfiber ntau optical cable |
| Core muaj nuj nqi | Intercepts xob laim, conducts xob laim thiab txhaum tam sim no | Nqa kev tiv thaiv, xa tawm, automation, saib xyuas thiab lwm yam kev khiav tsheb |
| Tus nqi rau daim phiaj | Txhim kho txoj kab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm | Txhawb nqa bandwidth thiab kev ntseeg siab, txhawb nqa digital & ntse daim phiaj |
| Tej yam ntsig txog systems | Kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv, grounding system, rwb thaiv tsev sib koom ua ke | Kev tiv thaiv kab ke, xa kev sib txuas lus, substation automation, O&M saib xyuas |
| Network- theem luag hauj lwm | Ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev lag luam ntawm cov kab sib kis | Tsim cov pob txha kho qhov muag thiab chaw nres tsheb - mus rau - chaw nres tsheb nplhaib / saw hlau |
Vim li cas OPGW Kev Tsim Kho Txheej Txheem Txiav Txim Kev Pabcuam Lub Neej thiab Kev Sib Txuas Lus?
Txawm hais tias OPGW nws tus kheej yog cov khoom lag luam paub tab, lubnyob rau hauv -kev pab cuam attenuation, fault rate thiab tag nrho - kev ua neej nyobntawm ib qhov project nyob ntawm kev tsim kho kom zoo. Txoj hlua tsis zoo yuav ua rau opgw fiber ntau stretching, micro-bending thiab ntev- lub sij hawm txhua yam qaug zog; installation ntawm fittings tsis raug tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg; tsim tsis zoo los yog ua tiav substation poob -down thiab grounding tuaj yeem ua rau sheath puas, av tsis zoo thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag. Tag nrho cov teeb meem no thaum kawg tshwm sim raws li kev kho qhov muag ntau dua, kev sib txuas tsis ruaj khov lossis txawm tias ua tiav cov seem tawm. Hauv lwm lo lus, nrog rautib yam khoom OPGW, tus txheej txheem kev tsim kho kom raug thiab tsim qauv tuaj yeem xa tuajqis optical poob, zoo mechanical kev ua tau zoo thiab ntev kev pab cuam lub neej-uas yog vim li cas cov nqe lus hauv qab no tsom raukev npaj kev tsim kho, stringing/erection process thiab substation-sab siv.
Table 3: Piv txwv li cas kev tsim kho tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau OPGW lub neej- kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub voj voog
| Theem / txheej txheem | Tej teeb meem | Qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha | Kev cuam tshuam rau kev sib txuas lus zoo & lub neej |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tension stringing (erection) | Kev nruj nruj, tsis ruaj tsis khov, thim rov qab rub, twisting | Fiber stretching, ntau micro- khoov, txheej strands puas | Ntau dua attenuation, ntev - qaug zog, lub neej ua haujlwm luv dua |
| Tightening thiab sag tswj | Loj sag sib txawv, lub zos kev nyuaj siab concentration | Kev thauj khoom txawv txav hauv qee qhov spans, nce kev vibration | Kev pheej hmoo siab dua ntawm strand / opgw fiber optic breakage, ntau dua qhov txhaum |
| Fittings installation | Tsis txaus nias ntev, tsis raug tuag, tsis zoo armor rod wrapping | Tsawg tuav lub zog, kev nyuaj siab concentration, sheath puas | Ncua cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog / kho qhov muag thaum ua haujlwm |
| Substation poob - nqis thiab hauv av | Lub vojvoog me me dhau, khoov tsis zoo, kev txhawb nqa tsis zoo, tsis muaj kev ntseeg hauv av | Sheath cracking, tsis zoo grounding voj, ceev corrosion | Maj mam attenuation nce, ua tau seem outage |
| Kev xeem thiab cov ntaub ntawv | Kev xeem tsis tiav, tsis zoo / raws li - cov ntaub ntawv tsim | Tsis pom qhov tsis xws luag, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv paus | Faults nyuaj rau nrhiav, siab dua tus nqi kho thiab siv zog |
OPGW Kev Npaj Kev Tsim Kho - Los ntawm Kev Teeb Duab mus rau Kev Npaj Tag Nrho
Kev Npaj thiab Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm
Ib qho khoomKev npaj kev tsim kho OPGWtheem pib nrog cov duab kos thiab cov hau kev: xyuas seb tus qauv tsim puas haum rau qhov tseeb, thiab kho cov teeb meem ntawm daim ntawv ua ntej lawv tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Table 1 - Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj thiab kev npaj tsim kho
| Ua haujlwm qeb | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Kev tshuaj xyuas kev kos duab | Txoj kev sib dhos, ntauwd hom, cov xaim hauv av uas twb muaj lawm, OPGW hom & fiber ntau suav, qhov chaw sib koom ua ke, substation nkag daws teeb meem |
| OPGW kev tsim kho kev npaj | Tag nrho cov sij hawm, seem-los ntawm-section stringing plan, nro & sag xam, hla kev daws, kev soj ntsuam kev pheej hmoo |
| Kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb | High-qhov siab ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb, nyob ze -nyob- kab kev tshem tawm, kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tshuab, cov txheej txheem xwm txheej ceev |
| Cov lus qhia txog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb | Cov lus qhia luv luv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm stringing, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntauwd, pab pawg splicing, kuaj engineers; lub luag hauj lwm & cov hom phiaj zoo |
Table 2 – Tsim daim duab tshuaj xyuas (piv txwv)
| Yam khoom mus kuaj | Paub meej kom paub tseeb |
|---|---|
| Kab kev & profile | Qhov tseeb txoj kev, spans, ces kaum, qhov siab sib txawv |
| Ntauwd hom & txoj haujlwm | Lub hauv paus txheej xwm, ntauwd lub zog, haum rau OPGW hloov |
| OPGW specification | Cov qauv, txoj kab uas hla, hom fiber ntau, suav fiber ntau, luv - ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob |
| Cov haujlwm sib koom / sib koom ua ke | Splice qhov chaw, fiber ntau cia ntev, siv tau rau yav tom ntej ua haujlwm |
| Chaw nres tsheb nkag daws teeb meem | Txoj kev nkag mus, khoov vojvoog, cuam tshuam nrog cov kab txuas uas twb muaj lawm |
Khoom siv, khoom siv thiab kev npaj neeg ua haujlwm
Hauv OPGW cov haujlwm,cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom siv tsim kho thiab cov neeg ua haujlwmyuav tsum txhua tus "npaj thiab txheeb xyuas", tsis yog "sau npe hauv txoj kev npaj".
Table 3 - Cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom npaj rau kev tsim kho OPGW
| Qeb | Daim ntawv teev npe |
|---|---|
| OPGW tuaj xyuas | Nruas tooj, ntev, fiber ntau suav, qauv, cim; txheej txheej saum npoo; Hoobkas kuaj cov ntaub ntawv & ntawv pov thawj |
| Kab fittings & accessories | Nruas clamps, ncua kev kawm ntawv clamps, armor rods, vibration dampers, grounding clamps; qauv, kom muaj nuj nqis, compatibility |
| Jointing & tiv thaiv hardware | Cov thawv sib koom / kaw, cov kab hauv tsev,pigtails, ODF / thaj vaj huam sib luag |
| Tshuab hlua | Tensioners, pullers, winches, stringing sheaves, reel stands; cov ntaub ntawv kho mob & kho mob |
| Hydraulic & tes cuab yeej | Hydraulic presses, crimping tuag, torque wrenches, lifting cov cuab yeej |
| Ntsuas ntsuas | Fusion splicers, OTDR, optical fais fab ntsuas, qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo; calibration thiab roj teeb raws li txoj cai |
Table 4 – Cov neeg ua hauj lwm thiab kev muaj peev xwm
| Lub luag haujlwm / txoj haujlwm | Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb | Kev tsim nyog / kev cob qhia tsom |
|---|---|---|
| Stringing / pej thuam crew | Nruab sheaves, hlua OPGW, zawm thiab kho sag | Siab - daim ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm siab, kev siv hlua |
| Cov neeg ua haujlwm installation | Nruab nro / ncua kev kawm ntawv clamps, armor rods, dampers | Cov cuab yeej siv, crimping zoo, mechanical kev nyab xeeb |
| Fusion splicing technicians | Fiber sib koom ua ke, splicing poob tswj, kaw tuav | Fusion splicing ntawv pov thawj, fiber ntau tuav |
| Test engineers (OTDR, thiab lwm yam) | Txuas kev kuaj, OTDR kev txheeb xyuas kab mob, cov ntaub ntawv lees paub | Kev kuaj pom qhov muag, kev tshaj tawm muaj peev xwm |
| Tus saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb | Ntawm - tswj kev nyab xeeb ntawm qhov chaw, tso cai- ua - ua haujlwm, teb thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev | Kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb, kev tswj xyuas hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb |
Qhov Chaw Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tsim Kho
Qhov chaw tshawb fawbtxuas OPGW txoj kev npaj tsim kho nrog cov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam tiag tiag thiab pab kom paub meej tias cov txheej txheem npaj tau ua tau thiab nyab xeeb.
Table 5 – Kev soj ntsuam hauv teb thiab kev kuaj xyuas kev tsim kho
| Yam | Ntsiab tshuaj xyuas & ua | Muaj feem cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus |
|---|---|---|
| Nkag mus rau txoj kev | Txoj kev dav, txoj kab nqes, tig vojvoog, hauv av bearing muaj peev xwm, xav tau kev txhawb nqa | Cov cuab yeej siv hnyav, kev nyab xeeb tsheb |
| Rub & tensioning qhov chaw | Qhov chaw rau rub / tensioner, reel stands, anchors; nyab xeeb deb ntawm txoj kev/tsev | Machinery layout, pej xeem kev nyab xeeb |
| Cov chaw ua haujlwm ib ntus | Cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, chaw nres tsheb, thaj chaw sib dhos, kev nyab xeeb nyob deb ntawm cov khoom siv nyob | Kev pheej hmoo hluav taws kub, cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm |
| Hla - txoj kev & railways | Qhov chaw, clearance, tsheb ntim; xav tau kev hla thav duab, kev ruaj ntseg nets, kev sib koom tes nrog cov tub ceev xwm | Kev nyab xeeb tsheb, daim ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm |
| Hla - lwm kab | Cov kab hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm, telecom cables, pipelines; kev sib koom tes nrog cov tswv | Kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov kab nyob, kev tawm tsam |
| Meteorological tej yam kev mob | Hom cua ceev, huab cua huab cua, qhov kub thiab txias, lub sijhawm xob laim | Txoj hlua ruaj ntseg, nruj / cua txwv |
| Cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov system | De-energized vs. nyob-kab sib ze, hloov/tawm cov phiaj xwm, kev nyab xeeb | Hluav taws xob poob siab, kev sib koom ua haujlwm tsis zoo |
Table 6 – De-energized vs. ze-nyob- kab OPGW kev tsim kho (kev sib piv)
| Hom | Qhov zoo | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb kom paub meej |
|---|---|---|
| De-kev tsim kho muaj zog | Kev nyab xeeb siab tshaj plaws, kev hla yooj yim dua thiab txoj hlua khi | Kev npaj hluav taws xob, lub sij hawm qhov rais, cuam tshuam rau lub hwj chim mov |
| Nyob ze - kab kev tsim kho | Tsawg cuam tshuam rau kev siv hluav taws xob, hloov tau yooj yim dua | Yam tsawg kawg nkaus kev tshem tawm, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, kev cob qhia neeg ua haujlwm |
OPGW Stringing txheej txheem - Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv Kev Ntxub Ntxaug thiab Sag Tswj
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov txheej txheem Tension Stringing
Lub qhov dej - tsimtensioning txheej txheemyog lub hauv paus ntawm OPGW erection ua haujlwm. Nws pib los ntawm 合理 layout ntawm qhov rub-nrawm qhov chaw, kho cov hlua thiab sheaves, thiab tswj nruj nro, ceev thiab torsion.
Table 1 – Layout cov ntsiab cai rau rub thiab tensioning qhov chaw
| Yam | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Qhov chaw nyob | tiaj tus, ruaj hauv av; yooj yim nkag; kev nyab xeeb nyob deb ntawm txoj kev, cov tsev thiab cov chaw pej xeem |
| Cov khoom sib dhos | Puller, tensioner thiab OPGW nruas roughly ua raws li txoj kab txoj kev kom txo tau sab loads |
| Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj | Qhov chaw txaus rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv, kev them nyiaj cable - tawm, tig tsheb thiab nkag mus rau thaum muaj xwm ceev |
| Anchoring & stability | Txhim khu kev qha anchoring rau puller thiab tensioner; log chocks thiab guys qhov twg xav tau |
| Kev nyab xeeb zoning | Delineated chaw ua hauj lwm, cov cim ceeb toom, teeb meem thiab tswj kev nkag |
Table 2 - Kev npaj thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm rub hlua thiab sheaves
| Yam khoom | Kev soj ntsuam / kev npaj cov ntsiab lus |
|---|---|
| Pilot hlua | Txoj kev raug los ntawm txhua qhov kev ncua; dawb los ntawm knots, kinks thiab hnyav hnyav |
| Rub hlua | Tsim nyog lub zog thiab ntev; mob zoo; kuaj cov splices thiab connectors |
| Kab sheaves | Kho qhov zawj loj; du nto; kev sib hloov dawb; aligned nrog span centerline |
| Lub kaum sab xis / deviation sheaves | Muab tso rau ntawm lub kaum sab xis kom zoo; zam lub kaum ntse ntse deflection rau OPGW |
| Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov qauv | Tsis muaj cov npoo ntse lossis cov ntsiab lus tiv tauj ntawm cov yees, crossarms lossis kho vajtse uas yuav ua rau lub cable puas |
Table 3 – Anti-torsion, nro thiab ceev tswj
| Tswj lub ntsiab | Kev xav tau |
|---|---|
| Anti-torsion tig | Nruab nruab nrab ntawm rub hlua thiab OPGW; ntsuas rau qhov xav tau tensile load |
| Kev tswj nruj | Teem raws li tus nqi tsim; zam kev hloov tam sim ntawd; saib tsis tu ncua |
| Tswj ceev | Uniform, nruab nrab rub ceev; tsis muaj acceleration los yog braking |
| Pib / nres tus cwj pwm | Yooj yim pib thiab nres; tsis txhob slack hlua thiab shock loading |
| Kev sib txuas lus | Kev sib txuas lus meej ntawm rub thiab tensioning xaus; mob siab rau teeb liab tus neeg ntawm qhov chaw |
Tensioning thiab Sag Control
Tom qab opgw xaim raug rub mus rau hauv txhua qhov txuas,nruj thiab sag tswjxyuas kom meej tias cov neeg kho tshuab lub xeev ntawm cov kab sib tw tsim raws li qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsim kho kub.
Table 4 – Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev tswj sag
| Parameter | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Design sag | Lub hom phiaj sag rau txhua qhov ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab qhov chaw thau khoom |
| Kho qhov kub thiab txias | Kev kho ntawm sag / nro raws li qhov tseeb ambient kub thaum tsim kho |
| Ntev ntev | Qhov tseeb qhov ntev ntsuas los yog paub tseeb hauv daim teb |
| Clearance xav tau | Yam tsawg kawg theem - mus rau - av thiab theem - mus rau - cov khoom tshem tawm kom txaus siab |
| Tso cai sib txawv | Txaus siab rau ntawm qhov ntsuas thiab ntsuas sag qhov tseem ceeb |
Table 5 – Cov kauj ruam ib txwm rau thawj zaug thiab zaum kawg tensioning
| Kauj ruam | Cov yeeb yam tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Pib tensioning | Siv lub zog nruj rau txhua qhov spans; tshem tawm cov slack pom tseeb; ua kom tiav preliminary sag |
| Sag ntsuas | Siv sag boards, telescopes los yog rangefinders los xyuas sag ntawm cov spans xaiv thiab piv rau tsim |
| Kev kho | Kho qhov nro hauv cov kauj ruam me raws li ntsuas qhov sib txawv thiab kho qhov kub thiab txias |
| Thaum kawg tensioning | Paub meej tias sag nyob rau hauv kam rau ua nyob rau hauv ib qho tseem ceeb spans; khaws spans visually du thiab zoo ib yam |
| Xauv tawm | Thaum sag raug lees paub, npaj rau kev teeb tsa cov tuag-kawg clamps thiab zaum kawg anchoring |
Table 6 – Cov teeb meem kom tsis txhob thaum lub sij hawm tensioning thiab sag tswj
| Qhov teeb meem | Qhov tshwm sim tau |
|---|---|
| Kev nruj heev | Fiber stretching, micro-bending, ntev- lub sij hawm txhua yam qaug zog |
| Uneven sag ntawm spans | Kev ntxhov siab hauv cheeb tsam, nce kev vibration thiab qaug zog |
| OPGW torsion | Internal fiber ntau deformation, teeb meem nyob rau hauv haum installation |
| Hla ntawm conductors | Mechanical cuam tshuam, muaj kev pheej hmoo hauv cua lossis dej khov |
| Nyuaj khoov ntawm cov qauv | Strand puas, hauv zos nce nyob rau hauv optical attenuation |
Fittings Installation thiab hla kev tsim kho qhov tseem ceeb
Thaum sag tau lees paub, lubinstallation ntawm fittingsthiab kev nyab xeeb ntawmhla kev ua haujlwmyog cov theem tseem ceeb tom ntej.
Table 7 - Txhim kho qhov nro thiab ncua kev kawm fittings
| Haum hom | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev teeb tsa |
|---|---|
| Tension (tuag-kawg) clamps | Siv hom clamp kom raug thiab crimping tuag; ua raws li teev crimping ib ntus thiab ntev |
| Ncua tseg clamps | Siv armor rods kom raug; xyuas kom du kev txhawb nqa thiab tsim nyog clamp positioning ntawm opgw ntiaj teb hlau |
| Armor rods | Ntxuav opgw cable nto; qhwv rods nyob rau hauv txoj kev coj thiab ua ntu zus; xyuas kom muaj kev sib cuag |
| Grounding clamps | Nruab rau ntawm qhov chaw xaiv; xyuas kom zoo hluav taws xob tiv tauj thiab tiv thaiv corrosion |
| Kev soj ntsuam zaum kawg | Xyuas tag nrho cov bolts, pins thiab compression cheeb tsam; xyuas kom tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau OPGW cov hlua sab nraud |
Table 8 – Vibration dampers thiab lwm yam accessories
| Accessory | Cov txheej txheem installation |
|---|---|
| Kev vibration dampers | Nruab ntawm xam qhov deb ntawm clamps; feem ntau nyob rau hauv symmetrical khub |
| Spacers / spacer -dampers | Txoj hauj lwm raws li kev tsim; xyuas kom meej theem sib nrug thiab ruaj ntseg txuas |
| Cov cim / ceeb toom spheres | Nruab ntawm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb rau saum huab cua thiab pom kev kos duab |
| Kev txhawb nqa ntxiv | Ntxiv cov kev txhawb nqa lossis cov lus qhia uas xav tau kom zam tsis pub ntev ntev - dai ntu nyob ze cov qauv |
Table 9 – Hla kev tsim kho rau txoj kev, railways thiab kab uas twb muaj lawm
| Hla hom | Kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Txoj kev loj / txoj kev | Hla thav duab, nets kev nyab xeeb, kev sib koom tes nrog cov tub ceev xwm tsheb, kev tswj cov tsheb thauj mus los ib ntus |
| Kev tsheb ciav hlau | Kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb, kev sib koom tes nruj nrog txoj cai railway, daim ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm thiab lub sijhawm qhov rais |
| Rivers / waterways | Nkoj lossis cov cim ntab yog tias xav tau; zam kev cuam tshuam nrog navigation |
| Cov kab hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm | Kev tiv thaiv cov hlua, insulating guards, kev sib koom ua ke kom muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog kev nyab xeeb offsets |
| Kev sib txuas lus / lwm cov kab | Kev soj ntsuam ua ntej thiab kev sib koom ua ke; kev tiv thaiv npog lossis kev hloov chaw ib ntus yog tias xav tau |
Table 10 - Kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ceev xwm txheej thaum muaj hlua khi thiab hla
| Kev nyab xeeb yam | Kev xav tau |
|---|---|
| Hauv - kev saib xyuas ntawm qhov chaw | Dedicated tus saib xyuas rau txoj hlua thiab rau txhua qhov kev hla qhov tseem ceeb |
| Kev sib txuas lus | Cov cuab yeej sib txuas lus ntseeg tau ntawm pab pawg (xov tooj cua, intercom) |
| Daim ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm | Daim ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm raug cai, cais tawm thiab cov txheej txheem kaw thaum xav tau |
| Kev npaj xwm txheej ceev | Cov txheej txheem meej rau txoj hlua tawg, cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, hloov huab cua tam sim ntawd |
| Kev tiv thaiv tus kheej | PPE tsim nyog rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm (cov kaus mom hlau, cov hlua khi, lub kaw lus poob, thiab lwm yam) |
H3: Fiber Splicing thiab OTDR Test (Hnub Hloov Hloov)
Tom qab mechanical installation tiav,fiber splicing thiab kuajkaw lub voj ntawm kev tsim kho kom zoo thiab kev sib txuas lus zoo.
Table 11 - Fiber cia thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntauwd
| Yam khoom | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Kev xaiv ntauwd | Kev nkag tau yooj yim, qhov chaw txaus rau kev sib koom ua ke lub thawv installation thiab txij nkawm |
| Fiber cia ntev | Reserve ntev raws li kev tsim; tso cai rau yav tom ntej re-spling thiab rearrangement |
| Fiber routing | Zoo zoo coiling nyob rau hauv ntauwd los yog kaw; hwm yam tsawg kawg bending radius |
| Qhov chaw sib koom ua ke | Tiv thaiv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, dej ingress, ncaj qha tshav ntuj thiab kis kab mob |
Table 12 - Splicing poob tswj thiab OTDR kuaj
| Kauj ruam | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Fusion splicing | Ntxuav fiber ntau kawg, kho lub kaum sab xis, kev sib dhos meej, kev sib xyaw kom raug |
| Ib zaug -splice poob check | Txheeb xyuas qhov poob tawm tsam qhov tshwj xeeb; re-splice yog tias tsim nyog |
| Kev xeem OTDR | Kuaj ntawm qhov teev wavelengths; cov ntaub ntawv kawg-rau- xaus kev poob thiab txhua qhov kev tshwm sim splice |
| Txoj kev ntsuam xyuas | Tshawb xyuas qhov txawv txav, kev xav lossis cov xwm txheej tsis xav tau |
| Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb | Khaws OTDR cov cim thiab cov ntaub ntawv xeem raws li lub hauv paus rau kev daws teeb meem thiab kev lees txais yav tom ntej |
OPGW Substation-Side Construction - Los ntawm Downlead mus rau Kev Sib Txuas Lus
OPGW Chaw nres tsheb nkag thiab kho tshuab
Tom qab txoj kab -sab erection tiav lawm, optical av xaim opgw yuav tsum tau coj kom zoolos ntawm tus pej thuam mus rau lub substation, ces xa mus rau chav cable lossis chav sib txuas lus.
Table 1 - Hom OPGW downlead thiab chaw nres tsheb nkag mus
| Ntu | Hom kab / piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Ntauwd downlead | Los ntawm pej thuam ncov mus rau sab ceg lossis sab caj npab downlead |
| Hloov mus rau trench los yog tais | Los ntawm ntauwd puag mus rau cable trench, duct los yog overhead cable tais |
| Sab hauv substation | Nrog cable trench, tais lossis conduit mus rau chav cable / chav sib txuas lus |
| Qhov kawg mus kom ze rau cov khoom siv | Nyob rau hauv chav tsev cable, ces mus rau lub thawv sib koom, ODF lossis cov khoom siv racks |
Table 2 – Mechanical fixing thiab khoov tswj
| Yam | Cov cai tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Khoov vojvoog | Yuav tsum tsis txhob me tshaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws khoov vojvoog teev rau OPGW |
| Kev taw qhia hloov | Siv cov kev taw qhia, cov yob lossis khoov nrog lub vojvoog loj; zam cov ces kaum ntse |
| Txhawb nqa thiab tuav | Qhov chaw txaus kom tsis txhob sagging; corrosion-cov khoom siv tiv taus |
| Clamps thiab banding | Siv cov clamps tsim nyog / hoop fasteners; zam lub zos crushing ntawm cable |
| Kev vibration & txav | Txhim kho cov ntsiab lus los tiv thaiv ntev - lub sij hawm vibration los yog rubbing tiv thaiv cov qauv |
Kev sib txuas hauv av thiab hluav taws xob
Ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb sab, cov hlau ib feem ntawm OPGW yuav tsum yogtxhim khu kev qha bonded rau lub substation grounding systemrau ob qho tib si kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm siab.
Table 3 – Grounding ntawm OPGW metallic sheath / txhuas raj
| Yam khoom | Cov kev coj ua tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Qhov chaw hauv av | Ntawm lub hauv paus ntauwd thiab ntawm substation nkag (raws li kev tsim) |
| Kev sib txuas taw tes | Rau lub ntsiab grounding busbar los yog thawj grounding conductor |
| Grounding conductor | Hla -section thiab cov khoom raws li tau teev tseg hauv kev tsim thiab qauv |
| Txoj kev sib txuas | Compression lugs, exothermic welding los yog bolted connectors nrog huv qhov chaw |
| Kev tiv thaiv corrosion | Siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv-corrosion compound, coatings lossis tshav kub-shrink tes tsho yog tias xav tau |
Table 4 – Kev txheeb xyuas qhov zoo hauv av
| Test / kuaj | Lub hom phiaj |
|---|---|
| Kev sim txuas ntxiv | Paub meej tias tsawg -kuj txoj kev ntawm OPGW hlau txheej thiab chaw nres tsheb hauv av |
| Kev ntsuas av tiv thaiv | Txheeb xyuas qhov kev tiv thaiv hauv av tag nrho raws li cov qauv / kev siv hluav taws xob |
| Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag | Tshawb xyuas cov bolts xoob, corrosion, puas rwb thaiv tsev, tsis zoo txhua yam kev txhawb nqa |
| Labeling thiab marking | Kev txheeb xyuas meej ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv av thiab cov neeg xyuas pib |
Joint Box Installation thiab Fiber Management
Sab hauv lossis ze ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb, OPGW fibers tau hloov pauv los ntawm txoj kab mus rau sab hauv tsev los ntawmsib koom lub thawv (kaw)thiab kev tswj fiber ntau.
Table 5 - Qhov chaw sib koom ua ke thiab kev teeb tsa
| Yam | Cov lus pom zoo |
|---|---|
| Chaw teeb tsa | Chav tsev cable, chav sib txuas lus lossis phab ntsa / khib hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv |
| Mounting | Rig mounting ntawm phab ntsa, ncej lossis khib; yooj yim rau kev saib xyuas |
| Qhov siab thiab kev nkag tau yooj yim | Yooj yim ua haujlwm qhov siab; kev nyab xeeb rau cov kws kho mob |
| Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig | Nyob deb ntawm cov dej ntws, plua plav, qhov chaw tshav kub thiab muaj zog electromagnetic teb |
| Nkag nkag sealing | Cable nkag tau kaw tiv thaiv ya raws, plua plav thiab nas |
Table 6 - Fiber spooling thiab kev txheeb xyuas hauv lub thawv sib koom
| Yam khoom | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Fiber spooling | Zoo zoo, uniform loops; hwm yam tsawg kawg bending radius |
| Kev txheeb xyuas fiber ntau | Ntshiab naj npawb raws li tsim; raws li txoj kev thiab cov ntaub ntawv |
| Xim coding | Ua raws li cov qauv xim xim rau cov fibers thiab cov raj tsis muaj |
| Kev sau npe | Daim ntawv lo rau cable keeb kwm, lo lus uas peb, pawg fiber ntau thiab splice cassettes |
| Lub zog nyem | Kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov tswvcuab lub zog cable thiab cov tsho kom tsis txhob muaj fiber ntau |
ODF kev sib txuas thiab kev koom ua ke nrog cov khoom siv sib txuas lus
Los ntawm lub thawv sib koom, fibers feem ntau yog coj mus rau ib qhoODF (Optical Distribution Frame), ces patched rau ntau yam kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tiv thaiv pab kiag li lawm.
Table 7 – Hloov ntawm OPGW mus rau sab hauv tsev cables / pigtails
| Kauj ruam | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Sab hauv cable / pigtail xaiv | Tib - homkab hauv tsevlos yog pigtails txuam OPGW fiber ntau hom |
| Fusion splicing | OPGW fibers fused rau sab hauv tsev cable / pigtails hauv lub thawv sib koom lossis splice tais |
| Kev xa mus rau ODF | Sab hauv tsev cable hla ntawm cov tais / cov kav dej mus rau ODF nrog kev txhawb nqa kom zoo |
| Nkag mus rau ODF | Cables tsau ntawm ODF nkag; cov tswv cuab muaj zog anched; kho kom zoo |
Table 8 - ODF thiab cov khoom sib txuas
| Element | Cov kev coj ua tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| ODF layout | Teem los ntawm kab / txoj kev, kev ua haujlwm lossis qhov system (kev tiv thaiv, xa tawm, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam) |
| Patch cord tswj | Siv cov hlua txuas uas tsim nyog ntev; tsis txhob nruj khoov thiab tangles |
| Labeling ntawm ODF | Clear port labels qhia kab, lo lus uas peb, thiab cov cuab yeej txuam |
| Kev sib txuas rau cov khoom siv | Patch rau SDH / PTN / OTN, tiv thaiv IEDs, kev sib txuas lus rooj vag, saib xyuas |
| Cov ntaub ntawv | Khaws cia li - mus rau - hnub hla - txuas thiab cov ntaub ntawv faib fiber ntau |
Table 9 – Xaus-rau- xaus kev sim kho qhov muag thiab kev pabcuam kev pabcuam
| Theem | Cov yeeb yam tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Kev soj ntsuam txuas ntxiv & poob | Ntsuas qhov kawg-rau- xaus kev poob siv OTDR thiab/los yog lub zog ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntawm chaw nres tsheb mus rau qhov kawg |
| Kev pov thawj tiv thaiv kev tsim | Sib piv ntsuas attenuation thiab qhov chaw tshwm sim nrog cov qauv tsim / txais |
| Kev ntsuam xyuas rov qab | Ua qhov kev ntsuas rov qab lossis kev tiv thaiv channel rau txhua qhov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb |
| Tswb & saib xyuas | Paub meej tias lub tswb, tiv thaiv teeb liab thiab NMS / saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm |
| Kev lees txais zaum kawg | Sau cov ntawv xeem, hloov kho cov duab kos thiab cov rooj faib fiber ntau, xa mus rau O&M |
OPGW Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo thiab Txais Qhov Tseem Ceeb
Cov ntsiab lus tswj tau zoo thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho
Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho OPGW, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj kom zoo yog tsom raucov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceebCov khoom siv tau txais, nro stringing, zawm thiab sag tswj, haum crimping, thiab fiber ntau splicing. Txhua kauj ruam tseem ceeb yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem kom meej thiab ntawm - xyuas qhov chaw, nrog qhov yooj yimcov ntaub ntawv, duab thiab (qhov twg ua tau) cov yeeb yaj kiab luv luvkhaws cia rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li kev teeb tsa clamp, sib koom ua ke lub thawv sib khi thiab kev sib txuas hauv av.
Kev lees txais ntawm Optical, Hluav Taws Xob thiab Mechanical Performance
Nyob rau theem txais,optical kev ua tau zootau txheeb xyuas los ntawm OTDR thiab kev xeem poob / lub zog kom paub meej tias txhua qhov kev sib txuas hauv av xaim opgw ua tau raws li cov qauv kev sim. Nyob rau hauv parallel,hluav taws xob thiab mechanical checksxws li grounding resistance ntsuas thiab haum / crimping soj ntsuam xyuas kom meej tias cov hlau sheath muaj kev ruaj ntseg grounded thiab cov neeg kho tshuab installation yog txhim khu kev qha. Tsuas yog thaum cov ntsuas kho qhov muag, hluav taws xob thiab tshuab hluav taws xob tag nrho ua tau raws li cov cai thiab cov kev cai siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau opgw optical av xaim seem raug lees paub.
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab xa mus rau Kev Ua Haujlwm & Kev Tu
Thaum kawg, tag nrho raws li -tsim cov ntaub ntawv- cov ntaub ntawv txoj kev thiab ntauwd, fiber ntau faib cov rooj, sib koom lub thawv / ODF layouts, OTDR kab thiab cov ntaub ntawv xeem- yuav tsum tau muab tso ua ke thiab xa mus rau pab neeg O&M. Cov ntaub ntawv no muab lub hauv paus rau qhov chaw ua txhaum yav tom ntej, kho thiab nthuav dav, thiab pab kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ua tau zoo thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho OPGW tuaj yeem khaws cia thoob plaws lub neej kev pabcuam.
OPGW Construction FAQ
Txoj kev tsim kho dab tsi feem ntau yog siv rau kev teeb tsa OPGW?
OPGW feem ntau yog ntsia los ntawmtswj nruj stringingnrog lub ruber thiab tensioner, tsis yog los ntawm phau ntawv rub. Lub cable khiav los ntawm sheaves ntawm txhua tus pej thuam nyob rau hauv tas li, tswj nruj kom tiv thaiv cov fibers thiab ua tiav qhov tsim sag.
Yuav tsum nruj thiab ceev npaum li cas thaum OPGW nro stringing?
Kev nruj yuav tsum ua raws li covtsim tus nqi thiab cov chaw tsim khoom txwv, siab txaus kom lub cable ntshiab tab sis tsawg txaus kom tsis txhob muaj fiber ntau stretching. Rub ceev yuav tsum yogkhov kho thiab nruab nrab, zam kev pib sai sai, nres lossis thim rov qab rub tawm, nrog kev nruj thiab ceev saib xyuas hauv lub sijhawm.
Dab tsi yog dabtsi yog khoov vojvoog thiab av yuav tsum tau siv thaum nqa OPGW mus rau hauv lub substation?
OPGW khoov yuav tsumtsis txhob nruj dua li lub vojvoog yam tsawg kawg nkaus(feem ntau ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 15–20 × txoj kab uas hla), thiab cov npoo ntse yuav tsum raug zam nrog cov lus qhia lossis cov hlua khi. Metallic sheath yuav tsum yogruaj khov rau qhov chaw nres tsheb grounding grid, siv cov lugs / connectors kom raug thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sib txuas ntxiv thiab kev sim hauv av.
Dab tsi yog lub hom phiaj rau ib zaug -splice poob hauv OPGW fiber ntau fusion splicing?
Rau ib zaug - hom OPGW fibers, ib zaug -splice poob feem ntau yog tswj ntawmTsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.1 dB, nrog ntau qhov project aiming ntawm 0.05-0.08 dB. Splices tshaj qhov txwv yog ib txwm rov ua dua- ua kom txog thaum lawv ua tau raws li qhov project cov qauv xeem.
Cov teeb meem zoo li cas ntawm OPGW kev tsim kho yuav tsum zam?
Tej teeb meem xws lidhau - nro thiab tswj tsis zoo sag, tsis raug haum crimping, me me bending radius, av tsis zoo, thiabsiab - poob splices lossis tsis ncaj ncees lawm fiber ntau. Lawv raug zam los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nruj, siv cov khoom siv hlua khi kom zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig, ua raws li cov txheej txheem crimping / grounding / splicing txheej txheem, thiab xyuas txhua yam nrog cov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab cov duab yooj yim / cov ntaub ntawv sau ua ntej txais